Bone Health

Osteoporosis is a condition that affects bone density and quality, making bones brittle and more prone to fractures. This condition commonly affects older adults, particularly women after menopause, and can be caused by a variety of factors including genetics, hormonal imbalances, and certain medications. Treatment options include lifestyle changes such as exercise and proper nutrition, as well as medications to slow down bone loss and build bone density.

Osteopenia is a condition in which bone density is lower than normal but not yet low enough to be classified as osteoporosis. This condition can be a precursor to osteoporosis and may require lifestyle changes and medications to prevent further bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures.

Osteomalacia is a condition in which bones become soft and weak due to a deficiency in vitamin D or problems with its absorption. This can lead to bone pain, muscle weakness, and an increased risk of fractures. Treatment options include vitamin D supplementation and addressing underlying causes such as malabsorption disorders.

Avascular necrosis is a condition in which bone tissue dies due to a lack of blood supply. This can lead to pain and mobility issues and can occur in any bone, but is most common in the hip. Treatment options depend on the severity and location of the condition and can range from rest and physical therapy to surgery to replace or repair the affected bone.

Fracture management involves the treatment of bone fractures, including immobilization with casts or splints, realignment of the bone through manipulation or surgery, and rehabilitation to restore strength and mobility. Treatment plans depend on the severity and location of the fracture and can vary from conservative measures to surgical intervention.

Calcaneus spur, also known as a heel spur, is a bony growth on the heel bone that can cause pain and discomfort, often due to repetitive stress or strain on the foot. Treatment options include orthotics, physical therapy, stretching exercises, and in severe cases, surgery to remove the spur or repair the affected tissues.