Ano Rectal Diseases

Haemorrhoids are a common condition in which veins in the rectal area become swollen, leading to pain, itching, and bleeding during bowel movements. They can be caused by straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, obesity, or sitting for long periods. Treatment options include over-the-counter creams, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.

An anal fissure is a tear in the lining of the anus that can cause pain, bleeding, and discomfort during bowel movements. It is often caused by passing hard or large stools, and treatment options include topical creams, dietary changes, and surgery.

An anal fistula is a tunnel-like connection that forms between the anal canal and the skin near the anus. It can cause pain, discharge, and discomfort, and is usually treated with surgery

Faecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements, leading to unintentional leakage of stool. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including nerve damage, muscle weakness, and certain medical conditions. Treatment options include dietary changes, medications, and surgery.

Pruritus ani is an intense itching sensation around the anus, which can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor hygiene, skin conditions, or infections. Treatment options include topical creams, lifestyle changes, and medications.

Proctalgia fugax is a sudden sharp pain in the rectum or anus, which can last for a few seconds to a few minutes. It is usually benign and does not require treatment, but in some cases, medications or surgery may be necessary.

A rectoanal abscess is a pus-filled cavity near the anus, which can cause pain, swelling, and discharge. It is usually treated with surgery to drain the abscess.

Excessive perineal descent is a condition where the pelvic floor muscles weaken, leading to a prolapse of the rectum or anus. Treatment options include pelvic floor exercises, lifestyle changes, and surgery.

Diverticulosis is a condition where small pouches develop in the wall of the colon. It is often asymptomatic and does not require treatment, but in some cases, dietary changes or surgery may be necessary.

Diverticulitis is a condition where the pouches in the colon become inflamed or infected, leading to abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits. Treatment options include antibiotics, dietary changes, and in some cases, surgery.

Colitis is a general term for inflammation of the colon, which can be caused by a variety of conditions, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, and rectal bleeding. Treatment options vary depending on the condition and may include medications, dietary changes, or surgery.